The above verse explains the duties, characters and behaviours of Kshatriya warrior. The ancient history of the Thakurs is traced back to their ancestral and tribal sources. If a Brahmin marry Baishya(Mongoloids, Chettri, Newars etc) then the couple automatically considered . He gained prominence as a scholar in different languages in the Indian subcontinent. [1][12], Hierarchies of Major Caste/Ethnic Groups in Nepal according to Muluki Ain:[17][18], Terai Brahmin (referred in the code as Indian/Desi Brahmin) (no mention of Terai Kshatriya groups), Gurkha clans - Gurung, Magar, Kirat (Rai and Limbu). Christianity is looked at as the "foreigners" religion. [20], Participation of Khas-Brahmins in the civil service is 41.3% in spite of its population size of 12.2%. In the end, Kunwars betrayed Thapa groups by murdering the Thapa leader Mathabar Singh Thapa. December 11, 2022. They also believe in ghosts and demons that haunt the crossroads and rivers. Historically, the caste system justified the subjugation of lower castes, allowing upper-caste Nepalis to use their status to gain security and power. . While this may sound offensive, it doesnt have to be. Their simple, primitively decorated houses are an expression of the lack of artistic inspiration, although it is common knowledge that Brahmins like to dance and they know how. [19], During the monarchy, Chhetris continued to dominate the ranks of the Nepalese government, Nepalese Army, Nepalese Police and administration. Kshetri commonly have warrior like deities as Bhadrakali, Kalika Bhawani and different forms of Goddess Kali as female deity and Rudra, Veerbhadra (ferocious forms of Shiva) as male deity. They donot practice maternal cousin marriages as Thakuri caste which is the basis of cultural distinction. Pal would be Parbatiya Thakuri Bhul chhetri ra dalit kasari bhaya yo bisayama thap samagri bhaya janakari pauna hajur. [7] They make up 16.6% of Nepal's population according to the 2011 Nepal census, making them the most populous caste or ethnic community in Nepal. Pray that God will encourage and strengthen the Nepalese who have converted to Christianity. They have played a more dominant role than have any other group in the formation of the modern Nepalese state. A priest from the boys family consults the girls family to establish a favorable date for the ceremony based on the lunar calendar. Nepal is said to be a harmonious garden of 4 castes and 36 ethnicities. Music, theater and fine arts have traditionally been the domain of other, usually lower, castes, and, with the exception of the educated residents of the cities, Brahmins and Chhetri are not interested in art. [1] In Nepal's hill districts the Chhetri population rises to 41% compared to 31% Brahmin and 27% other castes. If we take it as nothing more than this, there is no reason to get offended. However, this has not happened yet but we are hopeful. Warriorhood, governance, administration, honesty and integrity has been linked to Kshetris. People with Garga gotra have surnames as Lamichhane, Bhetwal, Chudal, Bhurtel, Acharya, Gajurel, Bastola, Rijal. List of ethnic caste-groups in Nepal by population. In Nepal, high castes dominate 91.2% among the prominent position in politics and bureaucracy. These twenty four districts are - Dhankuta district, Sankhuwasabha district, Okhaldhunga district, Udayapur district, Ramechhap district, Dolakha District, Salyan district, Surkhet district, Dailekh district, Jajarkot district, Dolpa district, Jumla district, Mugu district, Humla district, Bajura district, Bajhang district, Achham district, Doti district, Kailali district, Dadeldhura district, Baitadi district, Darchula district, Kalikot district and Kanchanpur district. Blanks mean an unknown value. Rural political life has its own dynamism, independent of changes on the national political scene. It was an attempt to include the entire Hindu as well as non-Hindu population of Nepal of that time into a single hierarchic civic code from the perspective of the Khas rulers. The Atri gotra came from Anasuya Devi and Brahmarshi Atri. They are Khas Chhetri, Brahmin and Newar Kshatriya. The Chhetri are considered the largest ethnic community in Nepal, comprising 16.6% of the population according to the 2011 census. Only the poorest families do not own land. They also had a strong presence in civil administration affairs. All first-line cousins are titled with terms intended for siblings. It is a form of millennium old ancient worship continued till date. Joseph on June 17, 2022. [7] The existing caste structure as introduced by the Lichhavis was later fundamentally restructured during the reign of King Jayasthiti Malla (1380-1394). Chhetri is the largest caste/ethnic groups having 16.6% (4,398,053) of the total population followed by Brahman-Hill (12.2%; 3,226,903), Magar (7.1% ; 1,887,733), . They speak Newahi, a Tibeto-Burman language that has borrowed many words from Sanskrit, Maithili, and . [28][29], Chhetris are largest caste group in 21 districts of Nepal as per 2001 Nepal census and 24 districts as per 2011 Nepal census. Even Khas/Parbatiyas who are today overwhelmingly consolidated into the four Varna structure, have been following Masto tradition since ancient times whereby Masta tutelary deities known as bange-masta, bahiramasta, thado-masta, bahra-masta, athahra-masta are invoked and worshipped. He cursed Yama with mortality. of them were women, and 44% were the Brahmins and Chhetri caste. The major castes living in Pokhara are Brahmins, Chhetris, Gurungs, Magars and Dalits, mainly following Buddhist and Hindu religions. Surnames under this gotra are Dumadi, Rai, Nirbansi, Rayal, Alina, Bhatta. [13] Caste prejudice is far less prevalent in cities nowadays, although nothing has changed in rural regions. In Nepal, the Brahmin caste is traditionally considered to be one of the four main castes, along with Chhetri, Vaishya, and Sudra. Chhetri and Newar (BCN) clearly suggests a need for empirical research (Das and Hatlebakk, 2010). The caste system defines social classes by a number of hierarchical endogamous groups often termed jaat. The surnames which have Maudagalya gotra are Karki, Kuinkel, Upreti, Koirala, Simkhada, Timalsina. Map Design: Joshua Project, Joshua Project data is drawn from many sources and of varying accuracy depending on source and editorial decisions. Social exclusion and Maoist insurgency. Side Note* This list is purely for educational purposes and is here just to give you information. That's approximately 4.3 percent of the total Indian . List of Some popular gotras and Nepali surnames belonging to it:-Agasti ( . Nepal's caste system was and continues to be quite complex. [3] On 28 May 2008, it was declared a republic,[4] ending the period of the Hindu Kingdom. The second is karma, or the law of cause and effect it means that the current state of affairs exists as a result of behaviors in the past and in previous lives. "Nepal: Deadly caste-based attacks spur outcry over social discrimination | DW | 16.06.2020", "Birenda, 55, Ruler of Nepal's Hindu Kingdom". After finishing five months girls or seven boys it eats the first rice meal called pasni. gelal caste in nepal gelal caste in nepal (No Ratings Yet) . 1 (Feb., 1987), pp. Rana Jang Pande, the leader of Pande faction, was the Prime Minister of Nepal in 1841 A.D.[25] which might have caused large Pande officers at 1841. The Kunwar high rank officers escalated quickly between 1841 AD to 1854 AD. They are; Basnyat, Pande, Thapa, Kunwar and Bista. They are Saptarishis (, the famous 7 sages) - Kashyapa, Atri, Vashista, Vishwamitra, Gautama, Jamadagni, Bharadvaja, and the 8th is Agastya [1][2].There are 49 established Hindu gotras today[3] all of which are themselves or evolved from . These values were seen as a potent instrument of Rana political repression. Historically, they practiced Hindu polytheism and shamanism. "Gautamavajra Vajrcrya, "Recently Discovered Inscriptions of Licchavi Nepal", "Caste ethnic and regional identity in Nepal: Further analysis of the 2006 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey", "How discriminatory was the first Muluki Ain against Dalits? They are considered the largest caste group in 21 districts of Nepal as per the 2001 Nepal census and 24 districts as per the 2011 Nepal census. There has been a long debate in the literature over whether the caste system is a unique social phenomenon or simply one manifestation of . A small proportion of Muslims also live in the city. Khas Brahmins come next with an average income of Rs. As the first line of our . Upper-caste Newars remain the most over-represented community in terms of socio-political access. The population of Khas-Chhetris constitutes 17.6% but its participation is mere 14.7%. [9] Jayasthiti Malla's restructuring also converted celibate Buddhist monks to householder status and inside the hierarchic fold for the first time to form the caste of Vajracharya and Shakya. Other geography / data: GMI. sabin basnet on May 16, 2022. khulal Basnet ko gotra chai k ho? Baniya : A Chhetri Community of Nepal. He was the oldest Vedic Rishi and the teacher of the Hindu figure Ram. These societies/ethnicities were: Khas/Parbatiya and Newars in the hills and Madhesis in the plains. This page was last changed on 2 September 2022, at 05:52. Not all Khas people have accepted this status, the remaining group of Matvali Chhetris, that is, those who drink liquor and are not the heirs of the sacred legacy. Caste System: Theories and Practices in Nepal. In simple terms, Gotra means the clan a person belongs to in Hindu society. During his formative years, Chhetri's family was living in austerity. [1] Chhetris speak an Indo-Aryan Nepali language (Khas-Kura) as mother tongue. The social values preached by the Muluki Ain, however, were providing restrictive, anachronic and out of step with the spirit of times. However, this has not happened yet but we are hopeful. [8][9] According to the 1854 Legal Code (Muluki Ain) of Nepal, Chhetris are the social group among the sacred thread bearers (Tagadhari) and twice-born people of the Hindu tradition. Ahntastic Adventures in Silicon Valley Caste is broader term used to represent certain group of people like - poudel, basnet, neupane, khadka, shrestha etc. Table 2.2 Main Nepal Caste and Ethnic Groups with Regional Divisions and Social Groups (from 2001 Census) 3 Table 4.1 Wealth Quintiles 6 Table 4.2 Household Facilities 7 Table 4.3 Antenatal Care 11 Table 4.4 Early Childhood Mortality Rates 15 Table 4.5 Women's Participation in Decision making by Caste/Ethnicity and Regional Identify 28 . Originally a natural religion, this caste has always been very proud of being a Thakuri. Although they three have same surname, all of them are different. Dont Tell Your Nwaran Name, KEEP IT SECRET, 60 Flowers Names in Nepali; What Does it Symbolize, 43 Different Authentic Nepali Spices Name In English. When a boy turns 7, his hair is cut off a small strand of hair is left behind to indicate that he belongs to the Hindu culture and formally becomes a member of the caste. Tika airi chhetri on March 20, 2022. Master list of ALL Nepali Surnames/Clans (2023) - lixoti.com . Often the relationship is with a person from another village and usually the parents use the intermediary. There are many different gotras among the Brahmin community in Nepal, and each gotra has its own set of customs and traditions. Kathmandu: Ministry of Population and Environment, HMG, Nepal. Paper presented at National Dialogue Conference on ILO Convention 169 on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples, Kathmandu, 1920 January 2005. Although most Nepalese are Hindus, there are still a large number of Buddhists and Muslims. As the Shah rulers conquered more territories and people, the concept of caste hierarchy more firmly applied as an organizing principle to consolidate diverse people under their authority. There is a belief that people from the same Gotra descended from a common ancestor. Here's an article on gotra list with surnames in Nepal. Similarly, girls also may add middle names like Kumari, Maya, etc. Kshetris celebrate many Hindu festivals like Dashain (Dussehra), Tihar (Deepawali), Maghe Sankranti, Janai Purnima, Holi, etc. Dashain and Tihar are primary festivals of Pahadi Hindu castes. [2][3], Chhetri is considered a direct derivative of the Sanskrit word Kshatriya. Table of population composition by caste/ethnic groups, 2001 AD. Note that it is not always true- there are few exceptions. Sankhadhar Sakhwa (879 AD) philanthropist, related to Nepal Sambat. In the court struggle for power, Pande Khalaks and Thapa Khalaks were fierce opponents. Girls help care for the younger children, carry food for the animals, and haul water. Patan Academy of Health Sciences. MOPE (2002). It includes the Seven sages- Saptarishis including Atri, Kashyapa, Vishwamitra, Vashista, Jamadagni, Bharadvaja, Gautama, and Agastya. Due to this people marry in their caste and avoid same gotra. Hindu houses are illuminated with a multitude of lamps both from the outside and inside and illuminate with light throughout the night. [2] With Nepal's step towards freedom and equality, Nepal, previously ruled by a Hindu monarchy, was a Hindu nation which has now become a secular state. A young couple usually lives with the grooms family together with his parents, brothers and their wives and unmarried sisters. While the caste system and legal code were publicly outlawed by the 1990 constitution, caste continues to play a prominent role in many Nepalis' private lives. [8] This restructuring was a result of over a millennia of newer Aryan immigrants from the plains since the time of the Lichchavis. People Group Location: Omid. Nepal's "unifier," Prithvi Narayan Shah, once called Nepal "a garden of four varnas (castes) and 36 sub-castes . This page article shows the composition of each proposed federal state in terms of ethnic groups in Nepal, based on 2011 census data. In middle and southern Nepal, the land has been terraced for generations. A family dying man takes to the river, all rivers are considered sacred. Moreover, there are concerns about Sagotri marriage practice not just culturally/ morally but from a scientific point of view as well. They live in small rural settlements that are situated near rivers or springs. Another gotra Kashyap came to be from Rishi Kashyap. Surnames in Mandabya gotra include Panthi, Bajgai, Gyawali, Maskey, Katuwal, Bajhai. Cow and buffalo are privileged animals in this culture. Among them, the district with the largest Chhetri population is Kathmandu district with 347,754 (i.e. It is said that there are the main 8 gotras evolved from the Rishis (sages) who were mind-born sons of Bramha, one of the Hindu Trinity. Angira was a Vedic rishi known as the teacher of divine knowledge. Much of the previously animist/tribal Khas population of the western Nepal region acquired the 'Chhetri' status in the 1850s with the proclamation by the Rana Prime Minister Jung Bahadur Rana, making Chhetris the most populous caste/tribe of Nepal. [19] Education is free and open to all castes. [1] Among them, the district with largest Chhetri population is Kathmandu district with 347,754 (i.e. Another sage as per Hindu sacred texts is Maudagalya. - Few evangelicals and few who identify as Christians. Her status will be raised when she gives birth to a child, especially when she gives birth to a son. Chhetri (Kshetri, Kshettri, Kshetry or Chhettri), (Nepali: pronounced[tsetri]; IAST: Ketr) historically called Kshettriya or Kshetriya or Khas are Nepali speakers of Khas community, some of whom trace their origin to migration from medieval India. The surnames under Kaushik gotra are Baniya, Thami, Phuyal, Luitel, Basnet, Budhathoki, Bistha, Basnet, Bidari, Dhungana, Dhital, Gaudel, Majhi, Pudaisini, Regmi, Sanjel, Sijapati, Dhital, Dhungana, Raghubansi, Rimal, Khadka, People with Gautam gotra have the following surnames, Dangal, Pandey, Tripathi, Chanda, Bam, Tiwari. Gangalal Shrestha (1919-1941), Freedom Fighter, Martyr. The ethnic makeup of Nepal reflects the historical migratory patterns into the country from the North and South. [6], The earliest detailed record of the caste system in Nepal has been found in Kathmandu Valley from the 5th century CE during the Licchavi period (400-750 CE) with mentions of the presence of Brahmans (Vedic priests) and Chandala (untouchables). Kshetri are not allowed to eat beef, buffalo, pig, felines and all wild forms of them as per Hindu rituals for Kshatriya. They have been working in different fields. Chhetri is Nepalese local colloquial term for Kshatriya. . However, a lot still do. Here are some most common Nepali surnames - Adhikari, Poudel/Paudel,Bhatttarai,Nepal,Dahal,Regmi,Khanal,Ghimire,Pokharel,Magar,Shreshtha,Gurung,Rai. 15,630, Dalit Rs. In great need of spiritual renewal and commitment to biblical faith. He had not sufficient money to pursue his goals. Contact: maya@lifeofus.net. As a result of occupational changes, increased education, their own efforts to emulate the upper castes and consolidation of political power, urban Dalits in the Terai have moved up in status. Another revered Rishi in Hindu mythology is Vatsa after whom Vatsa gotra emerged. 10.3126/hjsa.v4i0.4672. 125 caste The Nepalese population is comprised by 125 caste and ethnic groups.. How many religion and caste are there in Nepal? Thapa is an ancient Paikela (warrior) rank in the medieval Khasa Kingdom of Western Nepal. According to the 2011 census, 81.3% of the Nepalese population is Hindu, 9.0% are Buddhist, 4.4% are Muslim, 3.0% are Kiratist (indigenous ethnic religion), 1.4% are Christian, 0.1% are Sikhs, 0.1% are Jains and 0.7% follow other . For now let's just take a look at the castes and their sub-castes (surnames) in hopes that someday, we will all be one single flower with many variants. Pandes were supported by Basnyats due to blood relations. Basistha gotra came from Basistha rishi. Area: 1, 47, 181 sq. The Nepalese Chhetri are the major ethnic group in Nepal. Some of the biggest ethnicities are the Brahmin-Chhetri, Magars and Newars. Chhetri people, traditional soldiers and administrators are considered as chettri community.Many chhetris are mixture of Khas and Magar people, that is the reasons why many Magar people and Chhetri people have similar Surnames 'Chathariya Shrha' are the descendants of Malla and Licchavi rulers, their nobles and courtier clans and are considered as Kshatriyas of Newar community. Hutt, Michael. That caused Kunwars to rise to power and all Kshetris were thrown of power. Human Resources Development Research Center, Kathmandu. [14], The most prominent feature of Nepalese Chhetri society has been the ruling Shah dynasty (17682008)[note 1], the Rana Prime Ministers (18461953), Pande family, Thapa family, Basnyat family,. Folk dance makes the dancers move his/her body as per his/her wish. Brahmin Gotra and Caste List. The present Thakuri and Raute Thakuri are a single caste. They also run all the marital rituals. From now on as long as her husband is alive a married woman wears vermilion powder on her brocaded brocade. One of the most important Hindu festivals is the October Dashain or Durga Puja when the magnificence of Durga Kali in its ten-armed form is celebrated for two weeks. Only men are made as priests. It is believed that in the twelfth century, during the Islamic invasion in India, Brahmins Brahmans emigrated to the western hills of Nepal. With the exception of what is passed on to daughters in the dowry, all property, especially landed property, is taken over by sons. Nepal Visa Requirements. Different surnames in Angiras gotra are Joshi, Shahi, Sedhai. The marriage ceremony covers the whole day from the moment the grooms team arrives at the brides house until they leave the house the next day, taking the girl with them. In traditional and administrative professions, Chhetris were given favorable treatment by the royal government. The Nepalese have many racial, cultural, and linguistic similarities to the people of northern India. [21][22], The nobility of Gorkha were mainly from Chhetri families and they had a strong presence in civil administration affairs. Today, they are proportionately distributed in almost all the parts of Nepal. Nepal Population Report, 2002. Himalayan Journal of Sociology and Anthropology. Brahmin girls were traditionally married at the age of 11, and Chhetrich girls a few years later. Terai occupational castes Dhobi, Halkhor, Chamar, Dushad, Dom, Musahars, etc. Mandabya was a great sage as per Hindu texts. Garga is another excellent sage in Hindu mythology. [31] There are no quotas for the Khas community who fall under Bahun-Chhetri-thakuri hierarchy. Though the Newah are scattered throughout Nepal, they are primarily concentrated in the Katmandu Valley and in surrounding countries. Madhusudan Subedi. So, to make this matter convenient, here we have come up with the lists of castes and their respective sub-castes which will make you crystal clear about the castes-related facts. 38,193. The term gotra refers to a lineage or clan, and Brahmins are traditionally divided into a number of gotras, each of which is associated with a particular Hindu ancestor. In the rural context, the traditional subsistence agriculture system and age-old caste structure have significantly changed, and a relationship based on wage labour on land is being developed.[25]. 19.9% of the total district population). Usually, people from the same caste have the same Gotra. _"There are 125 caste/ethnic groups reported in the census 2011. I argue . Brahmans are known in Nepali as "Bahuns." Apart from perceived susceptibility, the . Ravens receive sweets and other delicacies in a gift, and pets decorate themselves with flower garlands. The term "gotra" refers to a lineage or clan, and Brahmins are traditionally divided into a number of gotras, each of which is associated with a particular Hindu ancestor. Class, Caste or Location? Brahmin/Bahun: Adhikari. They service the cutting and sale of chicken and goat meat, but they will not touch beef or buffalo meat, which they consider unclean. Nepal's Downtrodden: A nation struggles to find the way to relieve 4.5 million Dalits from the stigma of "untouchability". Kaushik is a popular patri-clan for the Brahmin and Kshatriya. Sometimes the paths meet together near a large tree that is used as a meeting place for the villagers, as well as a resting place for travelers. The Journal of Asian Studies, Vol. One of the most excellent Rishis, according to Hindu sacred texts, is Kaundinya after whom the Gotra Kaudinya received its name. [2][3] Hill-Kshetri, Kshetri, Chhetri, Pahadi Chhetri and Khas Kshetri are all used to denote this caste. Marriage among Sagotri people remains unacceptable to date. Maithali language comes in the second position because it is spoken by 12.30% people of the total Nepalese. Little, if any, history of Christianity. [7] Thus, while it may be true that today's Chhetri of Nepal branched off from the Khas, what has happened is that the descendants of the original Khas remained distinct, remote and deprived like other janajati groups of the country. Dalit Mahottari district during July-December, 2014. are found . Most notable contradiction is the inclusion of previously non-Hindu tribes "Adivasi Janajati" groups, as well as non-Nepalis including Muslims and Europeans into the hierarchical fold. ' Baniya' Baniya belongs to Chhetri's community of Nepal. [17] Abhiman Singh Basnyat of Basnyat dynasty and Damodar Pande of Pande dynasty were both members of Chhetri caste. There are about 70 castes, Buddhist as well as Hindu, covering approximately the same spectrum as the caste system of India. Some are even specific to one specific subcaste of the surname. Forty-nine sub gotras originated from the eight main gotras. km, stretching 800 km from east to west and from 90 to 230 km north to south. The Nepalese caste system was the traditional system of social stratification of Nepal. Kshetri do not consume pork like Rajputs which is a basis of cultural difference. They never marry in their paternal clan and those having same gotra. For example; Those having maternal clan as Khilchine Adhikari Chhetri cannot marry in the clan of Khilchine Adhikari Bahun as there is brotherhood between these clans. Khas/Kshetri or Khas/Chhetri (Nepali: ) are Turanid Ab-Original Native From of people belonging to Turkic-Mongol Mixed caste in Khas group, a Altaic ethno-linguistic group (see Altaic languages).Generally, the Parvate/Pahari (hilly) Kshatriyas are called as Kshetris or Khas Kshetris.Many historians called Kshetris as Decendents Of Magars. What Is your Surname? Khas Chhetri: 16.6: 2: Hill Brahmin/Bahun: 12.18: 3: Magar: 7.12: 4: Tharu: 6.56: Why was caste system created in Nepal? , Transliteration: Maawali ko thar jogaunu, Budamaawaliko ghar jogaunu. We may not think about the meaning or significance of our surname, but it can actually tell us a lot about our family history. 150. ", "History of Dalit movements in Nepal: Much has been achieved, but discrimination still exists". We even met the owners of a butcher shop which is the domain of the lower caste declare belonging to a brahmana caste. Brahmarshi Atri was one of the Sapta Rishis- the luminous sages in Hindu culture). In rare instances a representative photo may be used. The mother tongue of these groups is Kumaoni, Nepali and its dialects like Baitadeli and Doteli. New divisions and differences have given rise to new antagonisms and social norms. [26], The 2011 Nepal census recorded Chhetris as the largest Hindu adherents in the nation with 4,365,113 people which is 99.3% of total Chhetri population. In urban areas, both castes have the privilege to serve government, political and financial industries. Another important festival is the Tihar festival Dipavali, a festival of lights lasting five days. It is of due importance in the Hindu culture, especially concerning marriage- the system forbids people from the same Gotra from getting married. 1. There they encountered a Khas caste, people of a Brahmin-like culture, who in the caste . "Chapter 3. Nepali folk dance is the traditional dance which is performed in Nepal with the help of folk music and song. For now lets just take a look at the castes and their sub-castes (surnames) in hopes that someday, we will all be one single flower with many variants. According to popular belief and various historical sources Sthiti Malla first codified the Newar caste system in the Nepal Arthasastra in the 14 th century. The Nepalese also cultivate vegetable gardens to feed their families. Am Gai. It is said that the great king of Nepal Prithibhi Narayan Shah(1723-75) went to Banaras, India and changed his Gotra from 'Bharadwaj' to 'Kasyap' to remain free from the sin of 'Gotra Hatya'(killing of own clan) during unification of Nepal. Though Nepal is a small country, it comprises various types of traditional dance. [24], According to Professor Madhusudan Subedi, economic and political advancements have pushed the caste system to break its stagnancy and status quo.
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