eratosthenes contribution to oceanography

What were the contributions of Eratosthenes, Hipparcus, and Ptolemy to oceanography? This is important to marine science because these concepts are used for locations around the globe. Digital Radiography Technique, a. Eratosthenes of Cyrene developed longitude and latitude. Modern Geographys founder, Alexander von Humboldt. 2, 1977. Several astronomers and mathematicians before and after Eratosthenes tried to accurately measure the circumference of the Earth, but is was Eratosthenes that came through. Aves, A., Magill, F. and Moose, C. (1998). Sieve of Eratosthenes: algorithm steps for primes below 121 (including optimization of starting from the prime's square). Required fields are marked *. He was a figure of influence in many fields who yearned to understand the complexities of the entire world. Greek Scholar's Work Shows Usefulness of Measurement. Yet, according to an entry[7] in the Suda (a 10th-century encyclopedia), some critics scorned him, calling him Beta (the second letter of the Greek alphabet) because he always came in second in all his endeavours. These works and his great poetic abilities led the pharaoh Ptolemy III Euergetes to seek to place him as a librarian at the Library of Alexandria in the year 245 BC. Known For: Eratosthenes was a Greek polymath who became known as the father of geography. He is regarded as the first scientific geographer who measured the length of the equator almost accurately (24860 miles) on sound principles with the help of gnomon. Who Eratosthenes was and what his contribution to math is? Eratosthenes' is believed to be the first person to attempt a determination of the size of the Earth through measurement. Earlier estimates of the circumference of Earth had been made (for example, Aristotle says that some mathematicians had obtained a value of 400,000 stadia), but no details of their methods have survived. Duane W. Roller provides a rich background, including a history of the text and its reception, a biography of Eratosthenes, and a comprehensive account of ancient Greek geographical thought and of Eratosthenes pioneering contribution to it. At Syene (now Aswn), some 800 km (500 miles) southeast of Alexandria in Egypt, the Suns rays fall vertically at noon at the summer solstice. He also calculated the tilt axis of the Earth. He had become blind in his old age and could no longer work by 195 BCE. [16] A geometric calculation reveals that the circumference of the Earth is the distance between the two cities divided by the difference in shadow angles expressed as a fraction of one turn. Hermes It was one of his works, in which he addressed the life of the god, and another was named Erigone. Princeton University Press, 2013. *Egyptians utilized the Nile River and created a commerce based on ship-based trade (4000 BC). He is known as the Father of Mathematics. James Rennell has been called the Father of Indian Geography, and for his pioneering work on oceanography as the Father of Oceanography.. Who discovered the geography? Youll get a, Copyright 2023 TipsFolder.com | Powered by Astra WordPress Theme. Cyrene was absorbed into the Ptolemaic monarchy of Egypt, which ruled from Alexandria, the cultural and commercial center of the Mediterranean. In mathematics, the sieve of Eratosthenes (Greek: ), one of a number of prime number sieves, is a simple, ancient algorithm for finding all prime numbers up to any given limit. Eratosthenes (276 BC - 194 BC) - Biography - MacTutor History of [6] He developed systems of latitudes and longitudes, [7] He measure accurate length of equator, [8] Circumferences of the earth by Eratosthenes 25000 miles, but actual 24860 miles, PDF Name: Eratosthenes Contribution to Geography Notes by Netset Corner, Chronologically Arranged Schools and Associate Scholars. The first recorded use of the word geography was by Eratosthenes, a Greek scholar who lived from 276-194 BC who is credited with creating the discipline of geography (Eratosthenes' Geography. in, Chondros, Thomas G. Archimedes Life Works and Machines. He was the first to affirm that the heavy rains in the headwaters could explain the floods in the lower part of the flow. Chambers, James T. "Eratosthenes of Cyrene." Eratosthenes knew from readings he had taken in Alexandria that during the summer solstice in Siena, at noon the sun was just overhead. Guillaumin (eds.). Besides navigation, Eratosthenes also measured the Earths circumference fairly well. A librarian named Hipparchus later placed lines of longitude at regular intervals, and this was improved even more by Ptolemy, who added cardinal directions and divided degrees into minutes and seconds. Perspectives on the Contribution of Arabs and Muslims to Geography Biography. The first spot has to go to the man who coined the term geography, Eratosthenes (c. 275-194 BC). Eratosthenes united and organized in this work different information that he found in the Library of Alexandria. ", Zhumud, Leonid. Eratosthenes: The Measurement of the Earth's Circumference In addition to the attempts of Eratosthenes of Cyrene (c. 276c. What Is Fast Acquisition Corp. . It was said that these were copied so accurately that it was impossible to tell if the library had returned the original or the copy. Geography is the study of where things are found, why they exist, and how they develop and change over time. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); 2012-2023 On Secret Hunt - All Rights Reserved Eratosthenes of Cyrene (article) | Khan Academy Your email address will not be published. Then he continued: "And do not try to understand the intricate tasks of the Archytas cylinders or the triple cuts of the cone of Menechmus or what the curved figure of the divine Eudoxus describes in its lines, because in these tablets you will easily find thousands of means even starting from poor start . Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. He says Alexander ignored his advisers by his regard for all people with law and government. March 2023; Accomplishments - Eratosthenes - Weebly Eratosthenes of Cyrene, an ancient Greek mathematician and astronomer, was the first to use the word Geography (Greek: Geographika). Eratosthenes (c. 276194 bce), who had prepared a map of the Nile valley southward to the latitude of modern Khartoum, anticipated the correct answer when he reported that heavy rains had been observed to fall in the upper reaches of the river and that these History at your fingertips Oceanography Chapter 1 Oceanography Oceanus would be a better name for Earth, since oceans cover 70% surface (most major cities, resources, etc. Eratosthenes was educated in philosophy and mathematics in Athens. Eratosthenes created a whole section devoted to the examination of Homer, and acquired original works of great tragic dramas of Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides. Oceanography is the study of the physical, chemical, and biological features of the ocean, including the ocean's ancient history, its current condition, and its future. 2. In the second, he showed his studies on the dimensions of the earth and the last was devoted to political geography. Like any young Greek at the time, Eratosthenes would have studied in the local gymnasium, where he would have learned physical skills and social discourse as well as reading, writing, arithmetic, poetry, and music.[9]. Islandwide Breakfast Delivery, What was Eratosthenes contribution? - Sage-Answer GitHub export from English Wikipedia. Earth Science Oceanography: An Invitation To Marine Science, Loose-leaf Versin How did the Library of Alexandria contribute to the development of marine science? Archimedes is regarded as one of the most notable Greek mathematicians. eratosthenes contribution to oceanography During his life Eratosthenes was a lover of knowledge in all its areas. Eratosthenes also calculated the distance from the Earth to the Moon and to the Sun, but with less accuracy. What were Eratosthenes contributions to geography? Contributions of Greeks in the field of Physical Geography: The Greeks made remarkable development in the field of physical geography. Unfortunately, other than a few scraps, little remains of Eratosthenes original work. Eratosthenes (born c. 276 BCE, Cyrene, Libya) was a Greek scientific writer, astronomer, and poet who made the first measurements of Earths size for which any details are known. Although Eratosthenes method was well founded, the accuracy of his calculation was inherently limited. He is also recognized for his mathematical innovation, the Sieve of Eratosthenes, which identified prime numbers, and his position as head of the . Transit of Venus across the sum verified orbits 2. Pacific Ocean- Largest, deepest, lots of islands and seamounts. Eratosthenes - Windows to the Universe Menu. He used as a basis the ecliptic movement, that is, the movement of the sun observed by the apparent changes of the same from the earth. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. He studied at Plato's school in Athens. 4. [23] Strabo says that Eratosthenes was wrong to claim that Alexander had disregarded the counsel of his advisers. Review of (D.W.) Roller 'Eratosthenes' Geography. The circumference of the Earth was measured by Eratosthenes. He acquired works such as the great dramas of Aeschylus and Euripides. Another of his great contributions to geography was the study and map that he made of the route of the Nile River from Khartoum, in which he included the Ethiopian tributaries. [2] Eratosthenes described his arc measurement technique,[14] in a book entitled .mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#b1d2ff}On the measure of the Earth, which has not been preserved. He did not use the mythological descriptions that were common at the time, but relied on military texts to carry out his work. They also expanded the studies in Sophocles. Eratosthenes died in his 80s in Alexandria, Egypt. Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2010. 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